LOT 1400 明 白玉「五伦图」嵌饰
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长7.9cm;厚1.2cm
|白玉「五伦图」嵌饰玉色均匀,布局丰富,繁而不乱,镂雕五禽与花叶缠枝,层次分明,上方两角各有一鸟,下方平均分布禽鸟三只。五禽代表五伦,《孟子‧ 滕文公》载「父子有亲,君臣有义,夫妇有别,长幼有序,朋友有信。」是为五伦。根据《易经》:「鸣鹤在阴,其子和之。」故此仙鹤表示父子;晋代张华《禽经》:「鸟之属三百六十,凤为之长,又飞则群鸟从,出则王政平,国有道。」所以凤鸟喻君臣;晋代崔豹《古今注‧ 鸟兽》:「鸳鸯,水鸟,凫类也。雌雄未尝相离,人得其一,则一思而死,故曰匹鸟。」鸳鸯代表夫妇;《诗经》:「鹡鸰在原,兄弟急难。」 「莺其鸣矣,求其友声。」 因此鹡鸰及黄莺分别寓意为长幼和朋友之道。
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